Figure 1 - Growth in Canadian Population of Working Age over the periods 1975-1984, 1985-1994, 1995-2004, 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
1975-1984 |
1985-1994 |
1995-2004 |
2005-2014 |
2015-2024 |
| Population Aged 15+ |
1.9% |
1.4% |
1.3% |
1.3% |
0.9% |
| Population Aged 15-64 |
1.7% |
1.1% |
1.2% |
0.9% |
0.2% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical data and projections).
Return at position of Figure 1, Growth in Canadian Population of Working Age over the periods 1975-1984, 1985-1994, 1995-2004, 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)
Figure 2 - Distribution of the Working-Age Population by Age Group in 1974, 1984, 1994, 2004, 2014 and 2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
1974 |
1984 |
1994 |
2004 |
2014 |
2024 |
| 15-24 |
26.5% |
22.9% |
17.3% |
16.6% |
15.5% |
13.4% |
| 25-54 |
51.0% |
52.8% |
57.1% |
54.6% |
50.0% |
46.8% |
| 55-64 |
11.1% |
11.5% |
10.8% |
13.0% |
15.9% |
15.7% |
| 65+ |
11.4% |
12.8% |
14.9% |
15.8% |
18.7% |
24.0% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical data and projections).
Return at position of Figure 2, Distribution of the Working-Age Population by Age Group in 1974, 1984, 1994, 2004, 2014 and 2024 (in percentage)
Figure 3 - Labour Force Participation Rates by Age Group over the period 1976-2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
15-24 |
25-54 |
55-64 |
65+ |
| 1976 |
63.5% |
73.5% |
53.1% |
9.2% |
| 1977 |
64.6% |
74.1% |
52.3% |
8.5% |
| 1978 |
65.6% |
75.5% |
52.1% |
8.3% |
| 1979 |
67.4% |
76.4% |
53.0% |
8.3% |
| 1980 |
68.6% |
77.3% |
52.6% |
8.0% |
| 1981 |
69.3% |
78.7% |
52.2% |
7.8% |
| 1982 |
67.3% |
78.6% |
51.7% |
7.8% |
| 1983 |
67.6% |
79.4% |
51.1% |
7.3% |
| 1984 |
68.0% |
80.0% |
50.5% |
7.3% |
| 1985 |
68.6% |
81.1% |
50.5% |
7.2% |
| 1986 |
69.7% |
82.0% |
49.6% |
6.7% |
| 1987 |
70.3% |
82.6% |
49.3% |
6.7% |
| 1988 |
70.6% |
83.3% |
49.4% |
6.6% |
| 1989 |
71.2% |
84.0% |
49.1% |
6.7% |
| 1990 |
69.9% |
84.3% |
49.2% |
6.5% |
| 1991 |
68.1% |
84.1% |
48.5% |
6.5% |
| 1992 |
66.2% |
83.4% |
48.2% |
6.3% |
| 1993 |
64.4% |
83.5% |
47.8% |
6.1% |
| 1994 |
63.9% |
83.3% |
47.1% |
6.4% |
| 1995 |
63.2% |
83.3% |
47.1% |
6.1% |
| 1996 |
62.2% |
83.4% |
47.2% |
6.0% |
| 1997 |
61.5% |
83.9% |
48.1% |
6.2% |
| 1998 |
61.8% |
84.3% |
48.7% |
6.4% |
| 1999 |
63.5% |
84.7% |
49.8% |
6.0% |
| 2000 |
64.4% |
84.8% |
50.9% |
5.9% |
| 2001 |
64.7% |
85.1% |
51.2% |
5.9% |
| 2002 |
66.5% |
85.9% |
53.4% |
6.5% |
| 2003 |
67.3% |
86.4% |
56.6% |
7.4% |
| 2004 |
66.9% |
86.6% |
57.3% |
7.5% |
| 2005 |
65.9% |
86.3% |
57.9% |
8.0% |
| 2006 |
66.2% |
86.2% |
58.6% |
8.1% |
| 2007 |
67.0% |
86.6% |
60.1% |
8.8% |
| 2008 |
67.3% |
86.7% |
60.4% |
10.0% |
| 2009 |
65.4% |
86.5% |
61.6% |
10.5% |
| 2010 |
64.5% |
86.5% |
62.2% |
11.3% |
| 2011 |
64.5% |
86.4% |
62.6% |
11.8% |
| 2012 |
63.6% |
86.7% |
63.4% |
12.5% |
| 2013 |
63.8% |
86.7% |
64.4% |
13.0% |
| 2014 |
66.2% |
86.2% |
64.4% |
13.4% |
| 2015 |
64.6% |
86.2% |
64.9% |
12.9% |
| 2016 |
64.9% |
86.2% |
65.5% |
13.0% |
| 2017 |
65.0% |
86.9% |
66.1% |
13.1% |
| 2018 |
65.1% |
86.6% |
66.6% |
13.3% |
| 2019 |
65.1% |
86.7% |
67.1% |
13.5% |
| 2020 |
65.0% |
86.9% |
67.5% |
13.7% |
| 2021 |
64.9% |
87.1% |
67.8% |
13.8% |
| 2022 |
64.8% |
87.4% |
68.0% |
13.9% |
| 2023 |
64.7% |
87.6% |
68.2% |
14.1% |
| 2024 |
64.7% |
87.9% |
68.4% |
14.2% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 3, Labour Force Participation Rates by Age Group over the period 1976-2024 (in percentage)
Figure 4 - Overall Labour Force Participation Rate (15+ and 15-64) over the period 1976-2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
Population Aged 15+ |
Population Aged 15-64 |
| 1976 |
61.5% |
67.9% |
| 1977 |
61.9% |
68.5% |
| 1978 |
62.8% |
69.6% |
| 1979 |
63.7% |
70.8% |
| 1980 |
64.2% |
71.6% |
| 1981 |
65.0% |
72.6% |
| 1982 |
64.5% |
72.0% |
| 1983 |
64.7% |
72.5% |
| 1984 |
65.1% |
73.0% |
| 1985 |
65.6% |
73.9% |
| 1986 |
66.1% |
74.6% |
| 1987 |
66.5% |
75.3% |
| 1988 |
66.8% |
75.9% |
| 1989 |
67.2% |
76.6% |
| 1990 |
67.1% |
76.6% |
| 1991 |
66.6% |
76.2% |
| 1992 |
65.7% |
75.3% |
| 1993 |
65.4% |
75.1% |
| 1994 |
65.2% |
74.9% |
| 1995 |
64.8% |
74.7% |
| 1996 |
64.7% |
74.6% |
| 1997 |
64.8% |
74.9% |
| 1998 |
65.1% |
75.2% |
| 1999 |
65.5% |
75.8% |
| 2000 |
65.8% |
76.2% |
| 2001 |
65.9% |
76.4% |
| 2002 |
66.8% |
77.4% |
| 2003 |
67.5% |
78.2% |
| 2004 |
67.5% |
78.2% |
| 2005 |
67.1% |
77.7% |
| 2006 |
67.0% |
77.7% |
| 2007 |
67.4% |
78.3% |
| 2008 |
67.6% |
78.5% |
| 2009 |
67.2% |
78.0% |
| 2010 |
66.9% |
77.8% |
| 2011 |
66.7% |
77.8% |
| 2012 |
66.5% |
77.8% |
| 2013 |
66.4% |
78.0% |
| 2014 |
66.0% |
77.7% |
| 2015 |
65.7% |
77.9% |
| 2016 |
65.6% |
78.1% |
| 2017 |
65.5% |
78.3% |
| 2018 |
65.3% |
78.5% |
| 2019 |
65.2% |
78.7% |
| 2020 |
65.0% |
78.9% |
| 2021 |
64.9% |
79.1% |
| 2022 |
64.7% |
79.3% |
| 2023 |
64.5% |
79.5% |
| 2024 |
64.3% |
79.7% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 4, Overall Labour Force Participation Rate (15+ and 15-64) over the period 1976-2024 (in percentage)
Figure 5 - Total Labour Force and its Annual Average Percentage Growth over the period 1978-2024The source is located after the table
| |
Growth (in percentage) |
Level (in millions) |
| 1978 |
3.4% |
11.2 |
| 1979 |
3.4% |
11.5 |
| 1980 |
2.9% |
11.9 |
| 1981 |
3.1% |
12.2 |
| 1982 |
0.7% |
12.3 |
| 1983 |
1.7% |
12.5 |
| 1984 |
1.8% |
12.8 |
| 1985 |
2.1% |
13.0 |
| 1986 |
2.0% |
13.3 |
| 1987 |
1.8% |
13.5 |
| 1988 |
1.9% |
13.8 |
| 1989 |
1.9% |
14.0 |
| 1990 |
1.4% |
14.2 |
| 1991 |
0.6% |
14.3 |
| 1992 |
0.0% |
14.3 |
| 1993 |
0.7% |
14.4 |
| 1994 |
0.9% |
14.6 |
| 1995 |
0.8% |
14.7 |
| 1996 |
1.1% |
14.8 |
| 1997 |
1.5% |
15.1 |
| 1998 |
1.6% |
15.3 |
| 1999 |
1.8% |
15.6 |
| 2000 |
1.7% |
15.8 |
| 2001 |
1.6% |
16.1 |
| 2002 |
2.8% |
16.6 |
| 2003 |
2.3% |
16.9 |
| 2004 |
1.2% |
17.2 |
| 2005 |
0.8% |
17.3 |
| 2006 |
1.3% |
17.5 |
| 2007 |
2.1% |
17.9 |
| 2008 |
1.5% |
18.1 |
| 2009 |
0.8% |
18.3 |
| 2010 |
1.1% |
18.4 |
| 2011 |
0.9% |
18.6 |
| 2012 |
1.1% |
18.8 |
| 2013 |
1.1% |
19.0 |
| 2014 |
0.4% |
19.1 |
| 2015 |
0.6% |
19.2 |
| 2016 |
0.8% |
19.4 |
| 2017 |
0.7% |
19.5 |
| 2018 |
0.7% |
19.7 |
| 2019 |
0.7% |
19.8 |
| 2020 |
0.6% |
19.9 |
| 2021 |
0.6% |
20.1 |
| 2022 |
0.6% |
20.2 |
| 2023 |
0.7% |
20.3 |
| 2024 |
0.6% |
20.4 |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 5, Total Labour Force and its Annual Average Percentage Growth over the period 1978-2024
Figure 6 - Real and Potential GDP (in billions of 2007 dollars) over the period 1982-2024The source is located after the table
| |
Real GDP (Aggregate Demand) |
Potential GDP |
| 1982 |
661.3 |
710.1 |
| 1983 |
679.1 |
725.5 |
| 1984 |
717.2 |
743.4 |
| 1985 |
754.4 |
762.7 |
| 1986 |
774.9 |
781.9 |
| 1987 |
805.4 |
802.0 |
| 1988 |
840.5 |
824.4 |
| 1989 |
858.8 |
845.8 |
| 1990 |
860.8 |
863.5 |
| 1991 |
844.7 |
881.2 |
| 1992 |
850.4 |
894.5 |
| 1993 |
870.6 |
910.0 |
| 1994 |
911.1 |
935.2 |
| 1995 |
934.4 |
960.0 |
| 1996 |
947.1 |
988.6 |
| 1997 |
988.4 |
1,025.0 |
| 1998 |
1,028.3 |
1,063.2 |
| 1999 |
1,087.8 |
1,102.1 |
| 2000 |
1,150.1 |
1,143.0 |
| 2001 |
1,167.1 |
1,182.0 |
| 2002 |
1,196.7 |
1,214.6 |
| 2003 |
1,221.6 |
1,244.4 |
| 2004 |
1,260.6 |
1,275.1 |
| 2005 |
1,296.4 |
1,307.4 |
| 2006 |
1,332.8 |
1,338.7 |
| 2007 |
1,364.5 |
1,365.7 |
| 2008 |
1,375.8 |
1,392.2 |
| 2009 |
1,328.2 |
1,407.4 |
| 2010 |
1,375.3 |
1,429.8 |
| 2011 |
1,416.5 |
1,453.8 |
| 2012 |
1,443.9 |
1,481.1 |
| 2013 |
1,473.2 |
1,508.2 |
| 2014 |
1,507.3 |
1,533.3 |
| 2015 |
1,535.9 |
1,557.2 |
| 2016 |
1,569.2 |
1,584.2 |
| 2017 |
1,605.1 |
1,613.0 |
| 2018 |
1,6439.6 |
1,644.0 |
| 2019 |
1,674.8 |
1,675.6 |
| 2020 |
1,708.3 |
1,707.1 |
| 2021 |
1,740.9 |
1,739.6 |
| 2022 |
1,774.0 |
1,772.8 |
| 2023 |
1,808.0 |
1,806.8 |
| 2024 |
1,842.7 |
1,841.5 |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 6, Real and Potential GDP (in billions of dollars) over the period 1982-2024
Figure 7 - Annual Average Growth in Employment and Labour Force over the period 2000-2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
Employment |
Labour force |
| 2000 |
2.5% |
1.7% |
| 2001 |
1.2% |
1.6% |
| 2002 |
2.4% |
2.8% |
| 2003 |
2.4% |
2.3% |
| 2004 |
1.7% |
1.2% |
| 2005 |
1.3% |
0.8% |
| 2006 |
1.8% |
1.3% |
| 2007 |
2.4% |
2.1% |
| 2008 |
1.7% |
1.8% |
| 2009 |
-1.6% |
0.7% |
| 2010 |
1.4% |
1.1% |
| 2011 |
1.5% |
0.9% |
| 2012 |
1.3% |
1.1% |
| 2013 |
1.4% |
1.1% |
| 2014 |
0.6% |
0.4% |
| 2015 |
0.8% |
0.6% |
| 2016 |
0.9% |
0.8% |
| 2017 |
1.0% |
0.7% |
| 2018 |
1.0% |
0.7% |
| 2019 |
0.7% |
0.7% |
| 2020 |
0.6% |
0.6% |
| 2021 |
0.6% |
0.6% |
| 2022 |
0.7% |
0.6% |
| 2023 |
0.7% |
0.7% |
| 2024 |
0.7% |
0.6% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 7, Annual Average Growth in Employment and Labour Force over the period 2000-2024 (in percentage)
Figure 8 - U.S. Real GDP Annual Average Growth over the period 1982-2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
Real GDP Growth |
| 1982 |
-1.9% |
| 1983 |
4.6% |
| 1984 |
7.3% |
| 1985 |
4.2% |
| 1986 |
3.5% |
| 1987 |
3.5% |
| 1988 |
4.2% |
| 1989 |
3.7% |
| 1990 |
1.9% |
| 1991 |
-0.1% |
| 1992 |
3.6% |
| 1993 |
2.7% |
| 1994 |
4.0% |
| 1995 |
2.7% |
| 1996 |
3.8% |
| 1997 |
4.5% |
| 1998 |
4.4% |
| 1999 |
4.8% |
| 2000 |
4.1% |
| 2001 |
0.9% |
| 2002 |
1.8% |
| 2003 |
2.8% |
| 2004 |
3.8% |
| 2005 |
3.4% |
| 2006 |
2.7% |
| 2007 |
1.8% |
| 2008 |
-0.3% |
| 2009 |
-2.8% |
| 2010 |
2.5% |
| 2011 |
1.6% |
| 2012 |
2.3% |
| 2013 |
2.2% |
| 2014 |
2.4% |
| 2015 |
3.1% |
| 2016 |
3.0% |
| 2017 |
2.8% |
| 2018 |
2.6% |
| 2019 |
2.6% |
| 2020 |
2.5% |
| 2021 |
2.5% |
| 2022 |
2.5% |
| 2023 |
2.4% |
| 2024 |
2.4% |
| |
Average Annual Growth (in percentage) |
| 2005-2014 |
+1.6% |
| 2015-2024 |
+2.6% |
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 8, U.S. Real GDP Annual Average Growth over the period 1982-2024 (in percentage)
Figure 9 - Canada-U.S. Exchange Rate (in U.S. cents) and World Oil Prices (in U.S. dollars) over the period 1978-2024The source is located after the table
| |
Exchange Rate (in U.S. cents) |
Oil Prices (in U.S. dollars) |
| 1978 |
87.7 |
14.9 |
| 1979 |
85.4 |
22.4 |
| 1980 |
85.5 |
37.4 |
| 1981 |
83.4 |
36.7 |
| 1982 |
81.1 |
33.6 |
| 1983 |
81.1 |
30.4 |
| 1984 |
77.2 |
29.2 |
| 1985 |
73.2 |
28.0 |
| 1986 |
72.0 |
15.0 |
| 1987 |
75.4 |
19.2 |
| 1988 |
81.3 |
16.0 |
| 1989 |
84.5 |
19.6 |
| 1990 |
85.7 |
24.5 |
| 1991 |
87.3 |
21.5 |
| 1992 |
82.7 |
20.6 |
| 1993 |
77.5 |
18.5 |
| 1994 |
73.2 |
17.2 |
| 1995 |
72.9 |
18.4 |
| 1996 |
73.3 |
22.2 |
| 1997 |
72.2 |
20.6 |
| 1998 |
67.5 |
14.4 |
| 1999 |
67.3 |
19.3 |
| 2000 |
67.3 |
30.3 |
| 2001 |
64.6 |
25.9 |
| 2002 |
63.7 |
26.1 |
| 2003 |
71.6 |
31.1 |
| 2004 |
77.0 |
41.4 |
| 2005 |
82.6 |
56.5 |
| 2006 |
88.2 |
66.1 |
| 2007 |
93.5 |
72.4 |
| 2008 |
94.3 |
99.6 |
| 2009 |
87.9 |
61.7 |
| 2010 |
97.1 |
79.4 |
| 2011 |
101.1 |
95.1 |
| 2012 |
100.1 |
94.2 |
| 2013 |
97.1 |
94.1 |
| 2014 |
90.5 |
93.3 |
| 2015 |
80.4 |
54.7 |
| 2016 |
83.0 |
68.2 |
| 2017 |
85.7 |
74.5 |
| 2018 |
86.3 |
78.4 |
| 2019 |
86.4 |
80.0 |
| 2020 |
86.4 |
79.4 |
| 2021 |
86.4 |
81.3 |
| 2022 |
86.4 |
83.6 |
| 2023 |
86.4 |
85.6 |
| 2024 |
86.4 |
87.8 |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 9, Canada-U.S. Exchange Rate (in U.S. cents) and World Oil Prices (in U.S. dollars) over the period 1978-2024
Figure 10 - Canada’s Government Spending as a Share of Total Real GDP (includes government expenditures and investment) over the period 1992-2024 (in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
Share of Total Real GDP |
| 1992 |
28.8 |
| 1993 |
28.1 |
| 1994 |
26.7 |
| 1995 |
25.8 |
| 1996 |
25.0 |
| 1997 |
23.6 |
| 1998 |
23.3 |
| 1999 |
22.8 |
| 2000 |
22.3 |
| 2001 |
22.9 |
| 2002 |
22.8 |
| 2003 |
23.0 |
| 2004 |
22.9 |
| 2005 |
22.8 |
| 2006 |
23.0 |
| 2007 |
23.3 |
| 2008 |
24.1 |
| 2009 |
25.8 |
| 2010 |
26.0 |
| 2011 |
25.1 |
| 2012 |
24.6 |
| 2013 |
24.2 |
| 2014 |
23.6 |
| 2015 |
23.3 |
| 2016 |
23.0 |
| 2017 |
22.9 |
| 2018 |
22.7 |
| 2019 |
22.5 |
| 2020 |
22.4 |
| 2021 |
22.3 |
| 2022 |
22.2 |
| 2023 |
22.1 |
| 2024 |
22.1 |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 10, Canada’s Government Spending as a Share of Total Real GDP (includes government expenditures and investment) over the period 1992-2024 (in percentage)
Figure 11 - Growth in Real GDP, Final Domestic Demand and Exports over the periods 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
GDP (Aggregate Demand) |
Final Domestic Demand |
Exports (Foreign Demand) |
| 2005-2014 |
1.9% |
2.6% |
0.7% |
| 2015-2024 |
2.0% |
1.7% |
3.2% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 11, Growth in Real GDP, Final Domestic Demand and Exports over the periods 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)
Figure 12 - Growth in Major Components of Real Final Domestic Demand over the periods 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)The source is located after the table
| |
Consumer Spending |
Residential Investment |
Investment in Non-Residential Structures |
Investment in Machinery & Equipment |
Government Spending & Investment |
| 2005-2014 |
2.8% |
1.5% |
5.6% |
2.2% |
2.2% |
| 2015-2024 |
2.0% |
1.3% |
0.2% |
3.5% |
1.4% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 12, Growth in Major Components of Real Final Domestic Demand over the periods 2005-2014 and 2015-2024 (average annual growth, in percentage)
Figure 13 - Real Net Exports over the period 1982-2024 (in percentage of total real GDP)The source is located after the table
| |
Real net exports |
| 1982 |
2.5% |
| 1983 |
4.8% |
| 1984 |
4.4% |
| 1985 |
5.1% |
| 1986 |
4.5% |
| 1987 |
4.3% |
| 1988 |
3.9% |
| 1989 |
2.4% |
| 1990 |
3.0% |
| 1991 |
2.9% |
| 1992 |
3.5% |
| 1993 |
4.5% |
| 1994 |
5.8% |
| 1995 |
6.9% |
| 1996 |
7.2% |
| 1997 |
6.1% |
| 1998 |
7.5% |
| 1999 |
8.7% |
| 2000 |
9.2% |
| 2001 |
9.3% |
| 2002 |
9.0% |
| 2003 |
7.1% |
| 2004 |
6.4% |
| 2005 |
5.0% |
| 2006 |
3.6% |
| 2007 |
2.1% |
| 2008 |
0.3% |
| 2009 |
0.0% |
| 2010 |
-1.8% |
| 2011 |
-2.2% |
| 2012 |
-2.6% |
| 2013 |
-2.3% |
| 2014 |
-1.2% |
| 2015 |
-0.2% |
| 2016 |
0.3% |
| 2017 |
0.4% |
| 2018 |
0.7% |
| 2019 |
0.9% |
| 2020 |
1.1% |
| 2021 |
1.2% |
| 2022 |
1.4% |
| 2023 |
1.6% |
| 2024 |
1.7% |
Source: Statistics Canada (historical) and ESDC 2015 COPS macroeconomic scenario (projections).
Return at position of Figure 13, Real Net Exports over the period 1982-2024 (in percentage of total real GDP)